Improvement in telegraph-repeaters



PATENTEDMAY lr6, 1871. E. GRAY. TELEGRAPH REPEATER.

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hnlich iala tant @fina tical stays E E', the lower ends ,of which are lirmly at- ELISHA GRAY, or-cHIcAeoQILLINoIs,

Letters Patent No. 114,938, dated May 16, 1871.

The Schedule referred to ln these Letters Phatnt and making part of the same. A

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that'I, ELISHA GRAY, of the city of Chicago, county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a new, useful, and improved Telegraph-Repeater; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact -description thereof, which wil enable others skilled in the art to which my inven; tion appertains to make and use the same, referenc being had to the accompanying drawing formingpart of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is a side elevation of my invention;

4Figure 2 is a plan or top view of the same,showing in d'o/tted lines the position of the wires connecting with the several parts employed; and f Figure 3 is a diagram of the magnets employed,

showing the relative position of the same and manner of connecting ,the wires thereto. Similar letters of referenceY indicate correspondingf parts in the several figures of the drawing. l'lhe object of my invention is to provide a telegraphrepeater so arranged as to overcome the diiculties which have heretofore existed in adiusting the saine, and to render it practical to work as easily and under as unfavorable circumstances as the ordinary relay may be worked; and

The improvement consists in so arranging the several parts vas to allow the local to shunt the magnets instead of breaking and closing, a description of which, in detail, will be hereinafter more fully given.

In the accompanying drawing,-

A is the base or platform, upon which the several parts constituting my invention are mounted.

B and B are metal plates, the lower ends of which are firmly secured to said base 'in the position shown in 1.

Uion said plates are firmly alixed magnets @t O D D and O O D' D','tl1e whole of' which are so arranged as to allow their respective heel-pieces to cross each other at right angles, parallel with and: vertical to the plane of the base;

Aired to the outer heel-piece of each system of magnets, at the end opposite to plates B B', are vertached to the base, by which the respective magnets are secured in proper position. F and F' are metal yokes, which are secured to theI base at a point near and parallel to the plates B B', and to which are pivoted vertical armature-levers G G', which extend upward to a point level with the upper extremity of the plates.

Avxd to said levers, and passing through the same, neartheir upper ends, are platina points H I and H` and f- -'fllh'esaidpoints and H meet with-corresponding L L', which are s0 arranged as to adj ust ,the saine inthe ordinary manner. n I

M M' and N N are plu cut-out plates,\which serve to connect the lines together for repeating; or to separate the same, ai may b desired.

O', P P', Q Q', and R are binding-screws, which are aliixed to the b ase iii the ordinary manner, and which receive the wires connecting the instruments with the several lines and batter'es.

M No. l and M No. 2 are the 'ires of the mainline,

which are secured respectively/1n binding-screws 0 and Q. b-No. 1 and b No. 2 ar the wiresof the main batteries, which are respectiv ly secured in binding-screws O' and Q'.

ll'No. 1 and l l No. 2 are the wires ofthe local batteries, whichLare secured respectively in bindingsaid battery No. 1 with cut-out plate N, through plate B.

h and't are the wires connecting binding-screw R' of local battery No. 2, through magnet D D, to cutout plate N. y

d and u are the wires connecting binding-screw R of local battery No.A 2, through plate B', to cut-out plate N.

e and c' are the wires connecting the binding-screws l" and R' with the points l andH on the respective armature-levers G and G'.

s s is the wire connecting the binding-screw O of main line No. 1, through magnet O O, point I on lever G', spring J', wire K', to binding-screw O'.

In like manner wires h' and g connect binding-screw Q, through magnet C'G', point I, spring J, Wire K, t0 binding-screw Q' of main battery No. 2.

The cut-out plates M and Mserve' to throw a circuit around the repeating-points I J and `I' J when the plugs are transferred from N and N to M and M'.

'lhe instrument will not repeat `in this position, but

act as two relays on separate lines.

The operation of repeating is as follows: -The main and local cirkcuits being'all closed, and the cnt-out plugs a a arranged as` shown in lig. 2,. the

electrical current enters from the main line No. 1 at O, passing through magnet Q O, wiress, up the sides of armature-lever G' to point I; from said point through spring'J, wire K', to the binding-screw O;

thence to the main battery No. 1.

In like manner the electrical current from the main line No. 2 enters at Q, passing thence through magnets C C', wire S', up the side of armature-lever Gto point I', from thence, through spring J, I'wire K, to binding-screw Q and main battery No. 2.

When the instrument is not in operation and all circuits are closed, the local current enters at I and R, passing thence through points H H and down armature-levers G G', through wires e e', to bindingscrews y1? and R.

Should the line No. l transmit afmessage into line No. 2, the operation would then be as follows ,i f The opening of any key in lin'e l will release the armature-levers G, and the elasticity of spring L withdraws the same, disconnecting points H and I from point B2 and spring J. Main line No. 2 is now broken at I, and magnet C -has lost its magnetism; contact is also broken at point H, which, instead of breaking local circuit No. 1, has merely opened a loop which allows the circuit to pass through magnets D D', which prevents the armature-lever G from falling back. The local current from battery N o. l now passes from plate B, through wire f, to cut-out plug N; from said plug through wire T magnet D D, wire f, back to binding-screw P. JilVhen the key in line No. 1 is closed the points Hand I are again in contact, and line No. 2 is closed, re-establishing magnetism in magnets C C and demagnetizing magnet DD by lshunting it at H. The local current now runs practically altogether through point H, ,as the resistance' by that route is less than through the magnets.

By means of the shunt at H a closed circuit is formed, through which the extra or induced current. flows, thereby prolonging the magnetism in magnet D D' a moment longer than would be the case if the circuit were broken, thus giving time for the main magnet C C to become more fully charged.y In this way the operator of line No. 1 may transmit any number of messages without (as is technically termed) breaking himself, which would be the case if the armature-lever G did not remain closed.

If the operator of line N o. 2 wishes to break No. 1, to have him repeat,.he has only to open his key; then the irst time operator No. l closes his key he will break his owr. circuit at I', for the reason that the closing of point I does not close No. 2, as it is open in another place; but point H shuntsand demagnetizes magnet D D as usual, so that there is nothing now to hold the points H I in contact, and they instantly fall back, by which the operator of line No. 1 feels the break on his instrument. Operator No. 1 now closes his key, and operator No. 2 may transmit back to N o. 1in precisely the same manner as described. The modus operandi is precisely the same in transmitting either way, as may be seen by tracing the circuit-line.

'Io separate the lines and make two ordinary relays of this repeater, it is only necessary to withdraw the plugs at N N and insert them at M and M; this will break the local circuit between the plates B B and the magnets D D and D D', and allow the locais to be broken and closed, in the ordinary manner, at the points H Ir, when Sounders may be switched in and used. -When the plugs are in M and M the circuits are completed around, the points I and I', so that the working of the armaturesdoes not interfere with either main circuit.

Having thus described the nature and object of my invention,

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The relay armature-levers G and G', arranged to shunt the magnets, as described, whereby thesaid levers are closed on the receiving side, substantially as and for the purpose described.

2. Tbearrangemebt ofthe main and local circuits, in combination with the shunting and repeatingpoints H and I, when said lpoints are arranged on the same relay-armature, substantially as described.

3. In a teIegraphic-repeater, the combination of cir cuits and magnets, arranged substantially as and for the purpose described. u.

4. The magnets C C D D, so arranged as to. jointly or separately operate upon the same side of the same armature, substantially as and for the purpose described.

ELISHA GRAY.

Witnesses N. G. GRIDLEY, N.V H. SHERBURNE. 

